Spanish Demonstrative Adjectives and Pronouns








Spanish Demonstrative Adjectives and Pronouns

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Demonstrative Adjectives and Pronouns




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226. The demonstrative adjectives
are:

  Singular Plural
 
Masc. este
Fem.  esta
} this
   (near the speaker)
estos, these
estas,
these
 
Masc. ese
Fem.  esa
} that
   (near the person
addressed
)
esos, those
esas,
those
 
Masc. aquel
Fem. aquella
} that
   (remote both
from the speaker and person addressed
)
aquellos, those
aquellas,
those

Demonstrative adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun
modified, and they regularly precede the noun.

Este libro que tengo. This book which I have.
Ese libro que tiene V. That book which you have.
Aquel libro que compró su
hermano.
That book which your brother bought.

227. Demonstrative Pronouns. The demonstrative
pronouns are the same in form as the demonstrative adjectives, but
they always have the accent mark: éste, ése,
aquél, ésa, aquélla,
etc.

Esta mesa es mía,
aquélla
es tuya.
This table is mine, that one

is yours.
Deseo dos libros; dame ése

y aquél.
I want two books; give me that one (near
you
) and that one (yonder).

a. As correlatives, aquél means
‘ the former,’ éste, ‘ the latter.’

b. Ésta, ésa also mean
‘ this city,’ ‘ that city’:

Todo va bien en
ésta.
All goes well in this city.
¿Es bueno el clima en
ésa?
Is the climate good in that
(your) city?

c. The demonstrative pronouns have also the neuter forms
esto, eso, aquello, which refer to general ideas
or phrases (see ello, 139 e). These
forms have no accent mark.

Eso es bueno, pero esto
no.
That is good, but this is not.
Eso no quita que vaya. That does not prevent my going.

228. Use of the Article for the Pronoun.  Before
a relative clause, or before a phrase introduced by the preposition
de, the definite article is used for the demonstrative
or personal pronoun.

La que fué al
mercado es María.
The one who went to market is
Mary.
Las que usted vió son mis
hijas.
The ones that you saw are my daughters.
La de la cara larga es mi prima. The one with the long face is my cousin.
Los de Madrid ya llegaron. Those from Madrid have already arrived.
Lo que yo deseo es comer. What I wish is to eat.

229. Learn the conjugation of the irregular verb
dar, ‘ to give,’ in the present and past absolute
indicative, 476.

230. Review:

a. The conjugations of the irregular verbs, 444-453;
of the irregular verbs decir, 477; estar, 478;
hacer, 480; ir, 481; poder, 483; querer, 485; saber, 486; ser,
488; traer, 490;
and venir, 492 in the
indicative tenses.

b. The irregular futures and conditionals, 470
d; the irregular past absolutes,
471; the irregular past participles, 494.

 

 

 

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SPANISH GRAMMAR
15-16.
Regular Present Indicative Endings of ar, er, ir verbs.
17. Negation.
24-26. Noun.
27. Possession
34. The Articles
42-45. Subject Pronouns
46. Nouns.
53. The Verb.
61-64. Adjectives
70-73. Apocopation of Adjectives
79. Irregular Verbs
80. Idiomatic Expressions
86. Irregular Past Absolute
95-96. The verbs: Ser and Estar
102-104. Future Indicative and Conditional
110-115. Formation Of The Participles
121-125. Idioms with Tener, Deber and Haber
131-133. Irregular Verbs:
139-140. Personal Pronouns
146-148. Two Object Pronouns
154-157. Prepositional Forms As Object Pronouns
163-168. Reflexive Verbs
174-178. Reflexive Verbs (Continued)
184-188. Gustar. Sí and No. Mismo.
194-195. Radical Changing Verbs.
201. Radical Changing Verbs (Continued)
207-211. Inceptive Verbs. Adverbs
216-220. Possessive Adjectives
226-228. Demonstrative Adjectives and Pronouns
236-239. Relative Pronouns
245-250. Interrogative Adjectives and Pronouns
256-265. Numbers. Numerical Expressions
270-272. Verbs With Orthographic Changes
278-279. The Seasons, Months, Days Of The Week, Etc.



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